Question
Kidney blood circulation
In vertebrates, the kidney plays a vital role in maintaining internal homeostasis by filtering and regulating blood composition. Comparative anatomy and developmental biology provide insights into the variations in kidney blood circulation among different vertebrate species.
In general, vertebrate kidneys exhibit two main types of blood circulation: renal portal and systemic. Renal portal circulation is characteristic of non-mammalian vertebrates such as fish and amphibians. In this system, blood from the posterior part of the body is first pumped to the kidneys via the renal portal vein _____ ___ ___________ __ ______ ____________.
______ _____________ _______ ____________ _____ _____________ _______ ________ ______ ___ __________ __ ______.
___ ____________ _________ ____________ _________ __ _____ ___________ ______ ____________ ____________ ___________ _____________ ________.
__ ______ _________ _____________ ______ _________ _________ _____________ ___________ ____________.
_________ _____ __________ _____________ ___________ _____________ ________ __________ ________ ___________ ____ __ _____ _____________ _________.
______ __________ ____________ _________ __ ___________ _________ _____ ___________.
_____ ______ ____ __________ _______ ___ __ _____________ _____________ ______ ______ _______.
____________ _____________ _________ ________ __ ___________ __________ __ ____________ ___ _______ _________.
____________ _________ _____________ ______ _____ ___ ___________ _________.
___ _____ __ ___ __ ______ ___________ _______ ___ _____ _________ ___ _____________ __________.
_____ __________ ___________ _____ ______ _____________ ________ ____ __ _____________ _________.
__ ________ _____________ _____________ ____________ ________ ____________ ___________ ___________ _________ ___________.
__ ___________ ____ ____________ ____ __________ _________ ________ _________ ______ __________ _____________ ___ _________.
__ _________ __ __________ __ ___________ ___________ ___ __________ __________.
________ ______ _____________ ___________ ________ ______ ___ _______ _________ _____ ________.
_____ _____ _______.
Click Here to Order Full Assignment on WhatsApp
Indicate the following changes that occur during metamorphosis in amphibians either as progressive or regressive or remodeling:
a) The development of middle ear in connection with the pharyngeal pouch.
b) The change in the shape of the mouth and the shortening and reduction of the cloacal tube.
c) Disappearance of lateral line organs of skin and reduction of blood vessels.
d) The differentiation of brain.
e) The changes in the portal system and the changes in the vascular system to supply blood to the lungs.
What is a signal transduction pathway? Write out its steps in the order they would occur in a target cell.
How do bats prevent getting deaf from their high frequency calls? How do they get information about the immediate environment?
How does right subclavian develop in mammals?
a) In fishes the …………………. covers the brain and spinal cord.
b) Reptiles and birds have a double membrane made up of …………… and …………………. to protect the brain.
c) In lower vertebrates the epithalamus forms …………………. and …………………. .
Briefly write the functions of the following hormones secreted in mammals.
a) Adrenocoricotropic hormone
b) Parathormone
c) Aldosterone
d) Testosterone
e) Progesterone
What is the major modification that occurs in reptilian aortic arches?
Click to Contact Us
Call - 9199852182 Call - 9852900088 myabhasolutions@gmail.com WhatsApp - 9852900088