Define infiltration. Describe the procedure of its measurements. Enlist different factors affecting infiltration. 

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Infiltration is the process by which water from precipitation enters the soil and is stored in the unsaturated zone. It is a crucial component of the water balance in a catchment, as it can affect the amount of runoff and groundwater recharge. Measuring infiltration is important for understanding the hydrologic processes in a catchment and for planning and design purposes, such as determining the feasibility of a recharge basin or the required size of a drainage system.

There are several methods for measuring infiltration, including:

1. Infiltration tests: Infiltration tests are field-based measurements that determine the rate at which water can enter the soil. The most common infiltration test is the double-ring infiltrometer test, which involves installing two concentric rings in the soil and measuring the rate of water infiltration between the rings.

2. Auger hole tests: Auger hole tests involve digging a hole in the soil and measuring the rate of water infiltration into the hole. The hole can be left open _________ ___ ______ ________ _________ _________ ____________.
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Degree : DIPLOMA PROGRAMMES
Course Name : Diploma in Watershed Management
Course Code : DWM
Subject Name : Elements of Hydrology
Subject Code : BNRI 102
Year : 2023