What is watershed management? Describe its need, focus, and objectives.

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Watershed management refers to the integrated approach to planning, developing and managing land and water resources within a defined watershed boundary. The goal of watershed management is to balance economic development with protection of water quality and quantity, natural resources and ecosystems. It involves coordinating activities of multiple stakeholders, including government agencies, private sector, and local communities. Key practices of watershed management include: conservation of natural habitats, reduction of pollution and erosion, sustainable land use practices, efficient water use and management of water resources, monitoring of water quality and quantity. Effective watershed management can lead to improved water quality, enhanced ecosystem services, increased economic opportunities, and increased resilience to environmental hazards such as floods and droughts.

 

The need for watershed management arises from the increasing pressure on limited water resources, due to growing population, urbanization, and industrialization. Poor land use practices, deforestation, and agricultural activities can cause soil erosion, sedimentation and nutrient pollution, degrading water quality. Additionally, rapid development can lead to decreased permeable surfaces and increased runoff, causing flash floods and damaging downstream communities. Furthermore, climate change is exacerbating water resource challenges, causing unpredictable and more intense rainfall patterns, droughts, and sea-level rise.

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Degree : DIPLOMA PROGRAMMES
Course Name : Diploma in Watershed Management
Course Code : DWM
Subject Name : Fundamentals of Watershed Management
Subject Code : BNRI 101
Year : 2023