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Name the causative agents of the following diseases. How are they transmitted form the patient to a healthy person?
a) Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
b) Hydrophobia
c) Chicken pox
d) Dengue fever
e) Measles
a) Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS): Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a serious, life-threatening condition caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). HIV is a retrovirus that attacks the immune system, destroying the CD4+ T cells that are critical for fighting infections and diseases. The loss of these cells weakens the immune system, making the body vulnerable to opportunistic infections and cancers.
HIV is transmitted through blood, semen, vaginal fluids, and breast milk of an infected person. The most common modes of transmission are unprotected sexual contact, sharing of contaminated needles, and from mother to child during childbirth or breastfeeding. The virus can also be transmitted through blood transfusions, organ transplants, and occupational exposure to infected blood.
b) Hydrophobia: Hydrophobia, also known as rabies, is a __ _________ ________ ____________ ______ _____________ __ ____________.
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Related Question
a. The ability of an organism to cause infection is called………………….
b. The causative agent of Whooping cough is ……………………….
c. Both yellow fever and Dengue fever are transmitted through the bites of ………….mosquito.
d. Viruses responsible for causing common cold are………………………
e. A toxin that has been treated to destroy its toxic property without affecting its antigenicity is called …………………….
Describe the defect of vision and how are they corrected. Illustrate your answer with the help of a diagram.
Describe the relationship between high blood pressure and thickening or arteries.
Match the items given in Column A with those given in Column B:
| Column A | Column A |
| a) Lonization | i) Link different nucleotides in a nucleic acid |
| b) Intersticial fluid | ii) Contain red pigment haemoglobin |
| c) Ketone bodies | iii) Nephrotic Syndrome |
| d) Phosphodiester bonds | iv) Energy ‘currency’ of cell |
| e) Coenzyme A | v) Breakdown of RBCs to release their contents |
| f) Erythrocytes | vi) Fluid in between cells |
| g) Agglutination | vii) Transport of molecules/ions against concentration gradient |
| h) Protein in Urine | viii) Glycosuria |
| i) Adenosine Tri Phosphate (ATP) | ix) Clumping together of RBCs |
| j) Active transport | x) Formation of ions by dissociation of electrolytes |
| xi) Derived lipid | |
| xii) Coenzyme form of pantothenic acid | |
| xiii) Fluid inside cells |
Explain the image formation by the eye lens in a normal eye.
Follicles of unwanted hair are destroyed by causing the cells of the follicle to disintegrate
chemically by:
i. Heating
ii. Cooling
iii. Electrolysis
iv. Mechanically
How do fungi differ form bacteria? Write briefly about the characteristics of Candida albicans. Mention the various diseases caused by this fungus.
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