Discuss the life cycle of a conflict.

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The life cycle of a conflict is a framework that helps in understanding how conflicts originate, evolve, and ultimately reach resolution or escalation. In the study of peace and conflict management, analyzing the life cycle is crucial as it provides insight into the dynamics of human interaction, organizational behavior, and societal disputes. Conflicts are rarely static; they progress through identifiable stages, each characterized by specific behaviors, attitudes, and potential interventions. Understanding these stages allows practitioners to implement timely strategies to prevent escalation, manage disputes constructively, and promote sustainable peace. The first stage in the life cycle of a conflict is the latent stage. At this point, the conflict is not yet visible, but underlying tensions and differences exist between parties. These differences may arise from incompatible goals, resource scarcity, communication gaps, or differing values and beliefs. For instance, in organizational settings, employees may feel frustration due to unequal workload distribution, but they have not yet voiced their dissatisfaction. In this latent stage, the conflict is dormant, and the parties involved may not even recognize its presence consciously. Early recognition and preventive measures are critical at this stage, as interventions can prevent the conflict from escalating. Techniques such as open communication, trust-building exercises, and addressing small grievances promptly can reduce latent tensions. The second stage is the perceived conflict stage. Here, at least one party becomes aware that a conflict exists. Awareness may arise from specific incidents, repeated behaviors, or perceived threats to interests or values. While the conflict is now recognized, it may still be subjective, as parties interpret the situation differently based on their perspectives and assumptions. Misunderstandings and miscommunication often intensify perceived conflicts. For example, in a community dispute over land usage, one group may perceive encroachment as a threat, while the other sees it as legitimate development. At this stage, conflict management strategies focus on clarifying perceptions, improving communication, and acknowledging differing viewpoints without judgment. Mediation, negotiation, or facilitated dialogue can be effective tools to address perceived conflicts before they deepen. The third stage is the felt conflict stage. At this point, emotional involvement increases, and parties begin to experience feelings such as frustration, anger, or anxiety. The conflict moves from cognitive recognition to emotional engagement. Parties may start to form rigid positions, and loyalty to particular groups or ideas may __ ________ ________ ____ ___________ ____________ ______ _________ _________.
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Degree : CERTIFICATE PROGRAMMES
Course Name : Certificate in Peace Studies and Conflict Management
Course Code : CPSCM
Subject Name : Introduction to Peace and Conflict Management
Subject Code : BGP 1
Year : 2024 2025