Discuss the etiology of schizophrenia.

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The etiology of schizophrenia is poorly understood, but accumulating evidence has revealed a wide range of brain abnormalities. Brain structural abnormalities have been found in postmortem studies and in living subjects by computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Regarding the latter, structural dysmorphologies have included enlarged lateral and third ventricles; loss of total gray matter, frontal, and temporal lobe volume; and a reduction in total brain size. These findings seem to be present at the onset of illness and cannot be attributed to progressive degeneration; however, most findings are nonspecific and are observed in other psychiatric disorders. Functional imaging studies using positron emission tomography (PET) or regional cerebral blood flow have observed decreased metabolism in the frontal cortex (hypofrontality) and left hemisphere dysfunction.

Abnormalities of neurotransmitter systems have also been extensively investigated. For many years, the prevailing theory of schizophrenia has centered on the dopamine system. The dopamine (DA) hypothesis of schizophrenia ___ ___ ____________ _________ __ ____________ __________ ___ __.
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Degree : MASTER DEGREE PROGRAMMES
Course Name : Master of Arts in Psychology
Course Code : MAPC
Subject Name : Psychopathology
Subject Code : MPCE 11
Year : 2022 2023